Persons with Disabilities Survey Analysis

Basic descriptive statistics

The survey reached a sample of 368 participants, a far higher response rate than in the first round of survey. 239 replied on their own, 49 with the help of a friend/relative or their assistant, while 80 replied with the help of their association for persons with disabilities. The table below reports the number of observations by the main socio-economic characteristics.

Socio-economic characteristics

Variable		Observations
Country	Malta	136
	Romania	107
	Finland	47
	Belgium	44
	Cyprus	30
	Slovenia	4
Gender	Female	184
	Male	183
	Genderqueer/Non-binary	1
Age	50-64	128
	35-49	96
	65 or older	76
	18-34	66
	Prefer not to say	2
Education	High school or less	203
	University degree or equivalent	138
	Prefer not to say	27
Employment status	Employed	152
	Retired/pensioner	143
	Not working nor looking for a job (i.e. not in the labour force)	28
	Not working and looking for a job (i.e. unemployed)	13
	Prefer not to say	12
	Student or in training	12
	Self-employed	8
Employment type	Clerk or skilled non-manual job (head of office, bank teller, payroll officer, graduated hospital nurse, school teacher,etc.)	62
	Managerial, professional, higher technical, and higher administrative job	60
	Skilled manual worker (carpenter, mechanic, locksmith, plumber, electrician, driver etc.)	14
	Prefer not to say	10
	Unskilled non-manual worker (shop assistants, bar tender, waiter, etc.)	4
	Unskilled manual workers (janitor, housekeeper, farmhand, labourer, sweeper, delivery man, etc.)	2
Self-employment type	Self-employed/small entrepreneur (less than 14 employees): carpenter, motor vehicle mechanic, retailer, farmer, fisher, livestock producer, etc.	6
	Prefer not to say	1
	Professional (notary, architect, general practitioner, etc.)	1

How the card was discovered, reasons for applying and satisfaction with the process

Variable		%
How did you find out about the card	From an Association representing persons with disabilities	63.9%
	Advertisements on TV, radio, Internet etc.	12.8%
	From a friend/relative	10.3%
	Direct invitation from a national authority	8.4%
	From other associations working in the social sector	6.2%
	From other professionals working with persons with disabilities	5.4%
	Direct invitation from a regional/local authority	3%
	Prefer not to say	0.3%
Why did you apply	Because it is an official EU document certifying my impairment	61.1%
	Because of the Card benefits	44.3%
	I have heard about good user experience regarding the Card	9.2%
	I found the Card useful for my family members/friends	7.9%
	I got the Card because my acquaintances also applied	5.7%
Found the application process user friendly	Fairly user-friendly	44.3%
	Very user-friendly	40.5%
	Slightly user-friendly	12.2%
	Not at all	3%

Satisfaction with the benefits provided by country and sector

Question: In your opinion, to what extent do current benefits/services provided by the EU Disability Card respond well to the needs of persons with disabilities in the different sectors?

Figure stratified by sector

Figures stratified by sector and country

Table stratified by sector and country

Country	Sector	Not at all	Slightly	Fairly	Very much
BE	Across all sectors	15.9%	43.2%	34.1%	6.8%
	Cultural sector	4.5%	38.6%	31.8%	25%
	Leisure sector	11.4%	36.4%	36.4%	15.9%
	Public transport	38.6%	34.1%	11.4%	15.9%
	Private transport	47.7%	27.3%	15.9%	9.1%
	Sport sector	22.7%	54.5%	18.2%	4.5%
CY	Across all sectors	6.7%	46.7%	36.7%	10%
	Cultural sector	10%	30%	40%	20%
	Leisure sector	13.3%	46.7%	23.3%	16.7%
	Public transport	6.7%	46.7%	23.3%	23.3%
	Private transport	33.3%	33.3%	16.7%	16.7%
	Sport sector	10%	40%	23.3%	26.7%
FI	Across all sectors	14.9%	34%	36.2%	14.9%
	Cultural sector	8.5%	21.3%	42.6%	27.7%
	Leisure sector	6.4%	23.4%	44.7%	25.5%
	Public transport	21.3%	31.9%	12.8%	34%
	Private transport	29.8%	38.3%	14.9%	17%
	Sport sector	14.9%	40.4%	23.4%	21.3%
MT	Across all sectors	5.9%	26.5%	47.8%	19.9%
	Cultural sector	5.1%	24.3%	44.1%	26.5%
	Leisure sector	13.2%	24.3%	47.8%	14.7%
	Public transport	15.4%	17.6%	33.1%	33.8%
	Private transport	25%	21.3%	27.2%	26.5%
	Sport sector	16.2%	35.3%	38.2%	10.3%
RO	Across all sectors	1.9%	58.9%	29.9%	9.3%
	Cultural sector	4.7%	31.8%	43.9%	19.6%
	Leisure sector	15%	36.4%	27.1%	21.5%
	Public transport	33.6%	26.2%	23.4%	16.8%
	Private transport	52.3%	17.8%	15.9%	14%
	Sport sector	12.1%	37.4%	34.6%	15.9%

Use of the card in the past year by sector and country

Question: In the past 12 months, how many times have you used the EU Disability Card in each of the following sectors:

Figure stratified by sector

Figure stratified by sector and country

Table stratified by sector and country

Country	Sector	Never	1-2 times	3-5 times	6-10 times	More than 10 times
BE	Cultural sector	56.8%	29.5%	13.6%	0%	0%
	Leisure sector	50%	40.9%	9.1%	0%	0%
	Private transport	84.1%	9.1%	2.3%	2.3%	2.3%
	Public transport	88.6%	9.1%	0%	2.3%	0%
	Sport sector	90.9%	6.8%	2.3%	0%	0%
CY	Cultural sector	53.3%	36.7%	6.7%	3.3%	0%
	Leisure sector	66.7%	16.7%	6.7%	10%	0%
	Private transport	76.7%	13.3%	0%	3.3%	6.7%
	Public transport	76.7%	10%	6.7%	6.7%	0%
	Sport sector	73.3%	20%	3.3%	0%	3.3%
FI	Cultural sector	27.7%	31.9%	21.3%	10.6%	8.5%
	Leisure sector	29.8%	23.4%	29.8%	2.1%	14.9%
	Private transport	46.8%	10.6%	21.3%	6.4%	14.9%
	Public transport	76.6%	17%	2.1%	4.3%	0%
	Sport sector	55.3%	21.3%	14.9%	2.1%	6.4%
MT	Cultural sector	59.6%	32.4%	5.9%	1.5%	0.7%
	Leisure sector	61.8%	26.5%	7.4%	2.2%	2.2%
	Private transport	60.3%	15.4%	9.6%	6.6%	8.1%
	Public transport	61%	14%	5.9%	6.6%	12.5%
	Sport sector	83.8%	11.8%	2.9%	0.7%	0.7%
RO	Cultural sector	51.4%	29.9%	15%	0.9%	2.8%
	Leisure sector	61.7%	25.2%	9.3%	2.8%	0.9%
	Private transport	62.6%	18.7%	8.4%	7.5%	2.8%
	Public transport	85%	3.7%	8.4%	0%	2.8%
	Sport sector	62.6%	24.3%	10.3%	1.9%	0.9%

Opinion on increase in tourism, cultural and sport participation

Questions: To what extent did the Card contribute to increasing your own/other people in your country/people from other countries

Figure stratified by question

Figure stratified by question and country

Table by question and country

Country	Sector	Not at all	Slightly	Fairly	Very much
BE	Your cultural participation	40.9%	34.1%	13.6%	11.4%
	Cultural participation of people in your country	20.5%	43.2%	27.3%	9.1%
	Cultural participation of people from other MS	20.5%	50%	20.5%	9.1%
	Your sport participation	72.7%	15.9%	4.5%	6.8%
	Sport participation of people in your country	25%	52.3%	13.6%	9.1%
	Sports participation of people from other MS	29.5%	54.5%	9.1%	6.8%
	Your tourism abroad	47.7%	13.6%	29.5%	9.1%
	Tourism abroad of people in your country	20.5%	40.9%	31.8%	6.8%
	Tourism abroad of people from other MS	22.7%	50%	20.5%	6.8%
CY	Your cultural participation	36.7%	33.3%	26.7%	3.3%
	Cultural participation of people in your country	20%	50%	23.3%	6.7%
	Cultural participation of people from other MS	16.7%	33.3%	26.7%	23.3%
	Your sport participation	53.3%	20%	16.7%	10%
	Sport participation of people in your country	23.3%	33.3%	33.3%	10%
	Sports participation of people from other MS	16.7%	30%	40%	13.3%
	Your tourism abroad	43.3%	36.7%	10%	10%
	Tourism abroad of people in your country	26.7%	46.7%	20%	6.7%
	Tourism abroad of people from other MS	13.3%	36.7%	36.7%	13.3%
FI	Your cultural participation	25.5%	12.8%	34%	27.7%
	Cultural participation of people in your country	8.5%	25.5%	38.3%	27.7%
	Cultural participation of people from other MS	10.6%	51.1%	25.5%	12.8%
	Your sport participation	44.7%	25.5%	14.9%	14.9%
	Sport participation of people in your country	21.3%	23.4%	40.4%	14.9%
	Sports participation of people from other MS	19.1%	55.3%	19.1%	6.4%
	Your tourism abroad	59.6%	19.1%	12.8%	8.5%
	Tourism abroad of people in your country	21.3%	51.1%	25.5%	2.1%
	Tourism abroad of people from other MS	19.1%	61.7%	14.9%	4.3%
MT	Your cultural participation	33.8%	24.3%	30.9%	11%
	Cultural participation of people in your country	18.4%	25%	38.2%	18.4%
	Cultural participation of people from other MS	16.9%	22.8%	37.5%	22.8%
	Your sport participation	54.4%	23.5%	15.4%	6.6%
	Sport participation of people in your country	25.7%	25.7%	33.1%	15.4%
	Sports participation of people from other MS	19.9%	25%	35.3%	19.9%
	Your tourism abroad	38.2%	19.1%	26.5%	16.2%
	Tourism abroad of people in your country	21.3%	22.1%	30.9%	25.7%
	Tourism abroad of people from other MS	18.4%	20.6%	36.8%	24.3%
RO	Your cultural participation	26.2%	29%	35.5%	9.3%
	Cultural participation of people in your country	13.1%	37.4%	39.3%	10.3%
	Cultural participation of people from other MS	15%	31.8%	45.8%	7.5%
	Your sport participation	33.6%	34.6%	24.3%	7.5%
	Sport participation of people in your country	17.8%	39.3%	32.7%	10.3%
	Sports participation of people from other MS	18.7%	36.4%	40.2%	4.7%
	Your tourism abroad	33.6%	28%	28%	10.3%
	Tourism abroad of people in your country	16.8%	37.4%	34.6%	11.2%
	Tourism abroad of people from other MS	17.8%	36.4%	39.3%	6.5%

Likelihood of recommending the card to other persons with disabilities

Question: How likely are you to recommend the EU Disability Card to other users? (0 = not at all, 10 = extremely likely)

green line - country mean

Overall

By country

Needs not covered sufficiently

Question: In your opinion, which key needs are not covered by current benefits/services, if any?

For all countries (aggregated) Table

Needs not covered by the card	%
The transport sector is not covered (mobility need)	64.65%
Audio-guides specific for blind/visually impaired are not available (inclusion need)	28.64%
The leaflets are not available in Braille (inclusion need)	27.75%
Other responses with less than 2 responses	25.42%
None	14.49%

Figure

Figure by country

Table by country

Country	Need	%
BE	The transport sector is not covered (mobility need)	72.7%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	29.5%
	Audio-guides specific for blind/visually impaired are not available (inclusion need)	27.3%
	The leaflets are not available in Braille (inclusion need)	22.7%
	None	13.6%
CY	The transport sector is not covered (mobility need)	43.3%
	None	36.7%
	The leaflets are not available in Braille (inclusion need)	30%
	Audio-guides specific for blind/visually impaired are not available (inclusion need)	26.7%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	23.3%
FI	The transport sector is not covered (mobility need)	48.9%
	None	34%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	29.8%
	Audio-guides specific for blind/visually impaired are not available (inclusion need)	8.5%
	The leaflets are not available in Braille (inclusion need)	6.4%
MT	The transport sector is not covered (mobility need)	40.4%
	None	22.8%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	21.3%
	Audio-guides specific for blind/visually impaired are not available (inclusion need)	19.9%
	The leaflets are not available in Braille (inclusion need)	11.8%
RO		71%
	Audio-guides specific for blind/visually impaired are not available (inclusion need)	48.6%
	The transport sector is not covered (mobility need)	44.9%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	4.7%
	None	3.7%

Main problems with the use of the card

Question: In your country, what are the main problems related to the EU Disability Card?

For all countries (aggregated) Table

Problems	%
The EU Disability Card was not advertised enough	63%
Low awareness among service providers when presenting the EU Disability Card	60.9%
Low number of organisations involved in cultural, sport, tourism, and transport services	56%
The discounts are too limited	48.2%
Low number of Member States where I can use the Card	44.5%
Benefits are not offered to personal assistants/friends/family members etc.	41.9%
The benefits/providers are available only in major cities	25.4%
The eligibility criteria for the EU Disability Card are too strict	10.5%
Other answers with less than 2 respondent per answer	7.7%

For all countries (aggregated) Figure

By country

Table by country

Country	Problem	%
BE	The EU Disability Card was not advertised enough	68.2%
	Low awareness among service providers when presenting the EU Disability Card	59.1%
	Low number of organisations involved in cultural, sport, tourism, and transport services	59.1%
	The discounts are too limited	47.7%
	Benefits are not offered to personal assistants/friends/family members etc.	45.5%
	Low number of Member States where I can use the Card	45.5%
	The benefits/providers are available only in major cities	22.7%
	The eligibility criteria for the EU Disability Card are too strict	11.4%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	9.1%
CY	Low number of organisations involved in cultural, sport, tourism, and transport services	80%
	Low awareness among service providers when presenting the EU Disability Card	76.7%
	The EU Disability Card was not advertised enough	70%
	Benefits are not offered to personal assistants/friends/family members etc.	53.3%
	The discounts are too limited	53.3%
	Low number of Member States where I can use the Card	50%
	The benefits/providers are available only in major cities	36.7%
	The eligibility criteria for the EU Disability Card are too strict	13.3%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	3.3%
FI	Low awareness among service providers when presenting the EU Disability Card	83%
	The EU Disability Card was not advertised enough	57.4%
	Low number of organisations involved in cultural, sport, tourism, and transport services	55.3%
	The benefits/providers are available only in major cities	40.4%
	Low number of Member States where I can use the Card	29.8%
	The discounts are too limited	29.8%
	Benefits are not offered to personal assistants/friends/family members etc.	27.7%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	12.8%
	The eligibility criteria for the EU Disability Card are too strict	10.6%
MT	Low awareness among service providers when presenting the EU Disability Card	58.1%
	The discounts are too limited	55.1%
	The EU Disability Card was not advertised enough	47.1%
	Low number of organisations involved in cultural, sport, tourism, and transport services	39.7%
	Benefits are not offered to personal assistants/friends/family members etc.	39%
	Low number of Member States where I can use the Card	34.6%
	The benefits/providers are available only in major cities	10.3%
	The eligibility criteria for the EU Disability Card are too strict	8.8%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	5.9%
RO	Low awareness among service providers when presenting the EU Disability Card	61.7%
	The discounts are too limited	52.3%
	Low number of Member States where I can use the Card	49.5%
	Low number of organisations involved in cultural, sport, tourism, and transport services	45.8%
	The EU Disability Card was not advertised enough	45.8%
	The benefits/providers are available only in major cities	41.1%
	Benefits are not offered to personal assistants/friends/family members etc.	28%
	The eligibility criteria for the EU Disability Card are too strict	6.5%

How to improve cross border mobility

Question: In your opinion, what areas of the EU Disability Card could be improved to increase cross-border mobility of persons with disabilities?

For all countries (aggregated) Table

Improve cross border mobility	%
All Member States should participate	81.9%
More information about accessibility of the museums/concert halls/stadiums to better plan the trip	69.6%
Transport benefits should be increased	67.1%
An international, free helpline could answer my questions	52.7%
There should be discounted accommodation abroad	51.1%
There should be discounted international travel tickets	49.2%
Leaflets in the museums should be made available in my mothertongue	39.7%
Other answers with less than 2 respondent per answer	11.3%

Figure

By country Figure

Table by country

Country	Area to be improved	%
BE	All Member States should participate	86.4%
	More information about accessibility of the museums/concert halls/stadiums to better plan the trip	72.7%
	Transport benefits should be increased	68.2%
	An international, free helpline could answer my questions	56.8%
	There should be discounted accommodation abroad	50%
	Leaflets in the museums should be made available in my mothertongue	43.2%
	There should be discounted international travel tickets	43.2%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	13.6%
CY	All Member States should participate	83.3%
	There should be discounted international travel tickets	83.3%
	More information about accessibility of the museums/concert halls/stadiums to better plan the trip	80%
	Transport benefits should be increased	76.7%
	There should be discounted accommodation abroad	63.3%
	An international, free helpline could answer my questions	53.3%
	Leaflets in the museums should be made available in my mothertongue	36.7%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	6.7%
FI	More information about accessibility of the museums/concert halls/stadiums to better plan the trip	66%
	Transport benefits should be increased	55.3%
	All Member States should participate	51.1%
	There should be discounted international travel tickets	44.7%
	An international, free helpline could answer my questions	25.5%
	There should be discounted accommodation abroad	25.5%
	Leaflets in the museums should be made available in my mothertongue	14.9%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	12.8%
MT	All Member States should participate	72.8%
	There should be discounted international travel tickets	64.7%
	More information about accessibility of the museums/concert halls/stadiums to better plan the trip	60.3%
	There should be discounted accommodation abroad	60.3%
	Transport benefits should be increased	57.4%
	An international, free helpline could answer my questions	55.1%
	Leaflets in the museums should be made available in my mothertongue	19.1%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	3.7%
RO	All Member States should participate	74.8%
	Transport benefits should be increased	70.1%
	There should be discounted international travel tickets	68.2%
	There should be discounted accommodation abroad	58.9%
	More information about accessibility of the museums/concert halls/stadiums to better plan the trip	57.9%
	Leaflets in the museums should be made available in my mothertongue	43%
	An international, free helpline could answer my questions	39.3%
	Other responses with less than 2 responses	3.7%

Knowledge on the existance of complaint mechanisms

Question: In your country, are there any complaint mechanisms in place (e.g. customer protection service) if you have problems using the EU Disability Card?

Overall - figure

Overall - table

Improve cross border mobility	%
I do not know	68%
Yes	21%
No	10.1%
Prefer not to say	0.8%

By country - figure

By country - table

Country		%
BE	I do not know	72.7%
	Yes	15.9%
	No	11.4%
CY	I do not know	60%
	Yes	26.7%
	No	10%
	Prefer not to say	3.3%
FI	I do not know	66%
	Yes	27.7%
	Prefer not to say	4.3%
	No	2.1%
MT	I do not know	50.7%
	Yes	35.3%
	No	13.2%
	Prefer not to say	0.7%
RO	I do not know	55.1%
	Yes	36.4%
	No	4.7%
	Prefer not to say	3.7%

Satisfaction with complain mechanisms (only aggregated)

Question: Based on your experience, to what extent have these complaint mechanisms helped you solve a problem you faced?

Satisfaction with the complaint mechanisms	%
Fairly	43.1%
Slightly	22.4%
Very much	20.7%
Not at all	13.8%

Accessibility and Reasonable Accomodation

96.74% of respondents consider that in order to be more effective, the EU Disability Card should be accompanied by measures aimed at increasing accessibility of services. Respondents also report for each sector, whether they consider accessibility to be more an issue in the public or private sector.

By country figure

Sectors with highest need of increased accessibility of services

With respect to the need for the provision of reasonable accomodation, 88.86% of respondents consider that it should be made compulsory as part of the EU Disability Card. The sectors where it shouldooooO be beconsidered the most are illustrated in the figure bellow for each country.

Sectors with highest need for reasonable accomodation

Regression models

Except for the likelihood of recommending the card to other persons, all dependent variables were recoded as 0-1. All models include fixed effects for country and use as weights the number of EDC card holders in each countries. Given the small sample, results which are marginally insignificant (p value between 0.1 and 0.2) are marked with “+”.

Satisfaction with the benefits provided by socio-economic characteristics

Dependent variable is one if respondent believes the benefits (in each sector) responds fairly or very much to the needs of persons with disabilties.

Variables	Across all sectors	Cultural sector	Leisure sector	Sport sector	Private transport	Public transport
Gender (ref. Female)
Male	0.14**	-0.1*	0.04	-0.05	-0.09*	-0.08+
Age (ref. 18-34)
35-49	0.05	0	0	-0.17**	-0.07	-0.06
50-64	0.05	0.14*	0.12+	-0.14*	-0.03	0.03
65 or older	-0.03	0.44***	0.29**	-0.16+	0.37***	0.33***
Education (ref. High school or less)
University degree or equivalent	-0.05	0.11**	0.09*	0.05	-0.12**	-0.08+
Employment status (ref. Employed)
Not working and looking for a job (i.e. unemployed)	-0.11	-0.29*	-0.09	0.03	-0.21+	-0.08
Not working nor looking for a job (i.e. not in the labour force)	0.05	0.02	0.09	0.02	0.01	0.07
Retired/pensioner	0.05	-0.09	0.07	0.24***	-0.07	0.04
Self-employed	0.08	0.16	0.1	0.03	-0.18	-0.14
Student or in training	-0.17	0.19	-0.16	-0.14	-0.23*	-0.17

Likelihood of recommending the card (0-10)

Variables	Recommend EDC (0-10)
Gender (ref. Female)
Male	0.46*
Age (ref. 18-34)
35-49	-0.15
50-64	0.59+
65 or older	1.03*
Education (ref. High school or less)
University degree or equivalent	-0.15
Employment status (ref. Employed)
Not working and looking for a job (i.e. unemployed)	-0.48
Not working nor looking for a job (i.e. not in the labour force)	0.43
Retired/pensioner	0.2
Self-employed	-1.14
Student or in training	-2.57***

Ever used the EDC in the past 12 months by sectors

Variables	Cultural sector	Leisure sector	Sport sector	Public transport	Private transport
Gender (ref. Female)
Male	0.09+	0.09+	0.06+	0.03	0.03
Age (ref. 18-34)
35-49	-0.03	0.06	-0.11*	0.09+	-0.14**
50-64	-0.17**	-0.11+	-0.17***	-0.09+	-0.15**
65 or older	0.08	0.04	-0.14*	0.24**	-0.04
Education (ref. High school or less)
University degree or equivalent	0.05	-0.07	-0.11**	-0.07+	-0.03
Employment status (ref. Employed)
Not working and looking for a job (i.e. unemployed)	0.17	0.26+	0.47***	0.05	0.2+
Not working nor looking for a job (i.e. not in the labour force)	0.02	-0.11	-0.04	-0.23***	0.09+
Retired/pensioner	-0.13*	-0.06	0.03	-0.05	0.07
Self-employed	0.03	0.09	0.17	-0.13	0.22
Student or in training	-0.43***	-0.41**	-0.23**	-0.23*	-0.22*

Opinion on increase in cultural and sport participation, and tourims

Of the respondent

Variables	Tourism abroad	Cultural participation	Sport participation
Gender (ref. Female)
Male	0.04	0.09+	-0.01
Age (ref. 18-34)
35-49	-0.01	0.15*	-0.08
50-64	-0.06	-0.08	-0.22***
65 or older	0.06	0.09	0.02
Education (ref. High school or less)
University degree or equivalent	-0.18***	-0.12**	-0.2***
Employment status (ref. Employed)
Not working and looking for a job (i.e. unemployed)	-0.23+	-0.24+	-0.1
Not working nor looking for a job (i.e. not in the labour force)	-0.45***	-0.11	-0.17**
Retired/pensioner	-0.2**	-0.09	-0.11+
Self-employed	-0.1	-0.27	-0.17
Student or in training	-0.52***	-0.13	-0.09

Of other people in the respondent’s country

Variables	Tourism abroad	Cultural participation	Sport participation
Gender (ref. Female)
Male	-0.11**	-0.11**	-0.1**
Age (ref. 18-34)
35-49	-0.03	-0.14**	-0.23***
50-64	0.01	-0.07	-0.1+
65 or older	0.11	0.03	0.01
Education (ref. High school or less)
University degree or equivalent	-0.09*	-0.15***	-0.09*
Employment status (ref. Employed)
Not working and looking for a job (i.e. unemployed)	-0.46***	-0.38***	-0.31**
Not working nor looking for a job (i.e. not in the labour force)	-0.22***	-0.22***	-0.08
Retired/pensioner	-0.05	-0.01	-0.08
Self-employed	-0.06	-0.01	-0.17
Student or in training	0.14	0.05	0.08

Of people from other countries

Variables	Tourism abroad	Cultural participation	Sport participation
Gender (ref. Female)
Male	-0.09*	-0.07+	-0.07+
Age (ref. 18-34)
35-49	-0.05	-0.09+	-0.29***
50-64	0.01	0.01	-0.06
65 or older	0.14+	0.14+	0.04
Education (ref. High school or less)
University degree or equivalent	-0.07+	-0.11**	-0.13**
Employment status (ref. Employed)
Not working and looking for a job (i.e. unemployed)	-0.37***	-0.45***	-0.39***
Not working nor looking for a job (i.e. not in the labour force)	-0.22***	-0.1+	-0.12*
Retired/pensioner	-0.09+	-0.09+	-0.12*
Self-employed	-0.4*	-0.17	-0.1
Student or in training	-0.2+	-0.23*	-0.26**